Journal of Fertility and Reproductive Health

ABSTRACT

Environmental pollutants have become a topic of discussion in recent years due to their potential effects on male reproductive health. This review explores the connection between environmental pollutants and male infertility. Numerous studies have shown an alarming increase in male infertility rates across the globe and have associated environmental causes with infertility. It has been demonstrated that varied levels of male reproductive system dysfunctions are caused by pervasive pollutants, including pesticides, heavy metals, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). EDCs, such as bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates, imitate or interfere with the way hormones work, altering sperm quality, sperm count, and sperm motility. Heavy metals like lead and cadmium build up in the body, impairing sperm production, while pesticides disturb hormonal balance and semen characteristics. This mini-review explores the ways through which environmental pollutants impair male fertility, identifying oxidative stress and epigenetic alterations as major factors. Strict regulations and lifestyle modifications are considered as possible tactics to lessen the effect of environmental pollutants on male infertility. In order to protect male reproductive health in a world that is becoming more contaminated, the need for additional study, public education, and legislative measures is underlined. Understanding these dynamics is essential for developing effective preventive measures and securing a healthier future for generations to come.

Article History

KEYWORDS

1. Male infertility
2. Oxidative stress
3. Epigenesis
4. Pesticides
5. Environmental pollutants